Generation / game
Method
Modifiers
Shiny rate per encounter
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50% expected by
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90% expected by
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How shiny odds actually work
The game generates a Pokémon's Personality Value (PV) at encounter time. A shiny check XORs the PV with the trainer's TID/SID and compares to a threshold (16 in Gen 6+, 8 in Gen 1-5). Most "shiny hunting methods" work by adding extra rolls of this check — if any roll succeeds, the Pokémon is shiny.
This is why the math isn't simple multiplication. With base 1/4096 odds and Shiny Charm adding 2 more rolls, your odds are 1 - (1 - 1/4096)³ ≈ 1/1365.
Method by method
Mass outbreaks (Gen 9)
Outbreaks are clusters of 50+ wild Pokémon on the map. KO 30 → small shiny boost. KO 60 → larger boost. Combine with Shiny Charm and a Sparkling Power Lv 3 sandwich for the highest non-trick odds in the game (~1 in 683).
Sandwiches (Gen 9)
Sparkling Power Lv 3 sandwiches require Herba Mystica (from 5-6 star Tera raids) — Sweet, Salty, Sour, Bitter, Spicy variants. Recipes online; the key is two Herba Mystica + matching base ingredients to get Sparkling Power: [Type] Lv 3, which boosts shiny odds for that type while active (30 minutes).
Masuda Method (every gen since 4)
Parents in eggs must come from different language games (visible in summary as 🇯🇵🇰🇷🇫🇷 etc.). Trade is the easiest way — many community shiny breeders trade you a foreign Ditto. With Shiny Charm: 1 in 512 per egg.
Chain methods (Gen 4 + BDSP)
The PokéRadar in Sinnoh / BDSP can build a chain by repeatedly encountering the same Pokémon. At chain 40+, shiny odds are roughly 1 in 200 — the best non-game-breaking shiny method in the franchise.
SOS chaining (Gen 7)
Sun/Moon's SOS battles let wild Pokémon call allies; chain 31+ shifts the shiny rate to ~1 in 1024, and combined with Shiny Charm it can hit ~1 in 273.
How to interpret the 50% / 90% numbers
"50% by N encounters" means there's a 50% chance you'll see a shiny within your first N attempts. It's not a guarantee — RNG means you could go 5× past that and still be unlucky, or you could find one on attempt 1. The math: 1 - (1 - p)^N = 0.5 → N = ln(0.5) / ln(1 - p).